FUW TRENDS IN SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(A Peer Review Journal)
e–ISSN: 2408–5162; p–ISSN: 2048–5170
keywords: Post-harvest spoilage, Fungi, Pepper fruit rot, plant extract, phytochemical analysis
The effect of aqueous extracts of Azadirachta indica, Tridax procumbens and Vernonia amygdalina on fungi causing post-harvest pepper (Capsicum spp. L) Fruit Rot in Yola, Nigeria was investigated. Rotted pepper fruits were randomly sampled from five markets in Yola. Fungi associated with the pepper rots were isolated using Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) culture medium. Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum capsici and Phytophthora capsici were the fungi found associated with the rots of pepper in the study area. The test plants ingredients used were extracted using sterile distilled water. 20%, 40%, 60% and 80 % concentrations of the test plants were added to PDA prior to inoculation. The effects of the extracts were proportional to concentrations and vary among the fungi. Inhibition percentage at the highest concentration (80%) revealed that Azadirachta indica and Tridax procumbens was more effective on Phytophthora capsici (80.93% and 71.02%, respectively), while Vernonia amygdalina was more effective on Aspergillus flavus (79.80%). Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) showed significant differences in the inhibition of mycelial growth among the extract used. Phytochemical analysis of the test plants extracts was found to contain alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, phenols, glycosides, terpenoids, anthracenes, and steroids. The plants used were very cheap to acquire, readily available all seasons and environmentally safe. Therefore, may be considered promising and safe for protecting pepper fruits from rotting.
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